-
Thorax Mar 1980
Topics: Barium Sulfate; Esophageal Diseases; Esophagoscopy; Esophagus; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Pressure; Radiography
PubMed: 7385087
DOI: 10.1136/thx.35.3.161 -
Postgraduate Medical Journal Jul 1994
Topics: Adolescent; Barium Sulfate; Chronic Disease; Constipation; Enema; Hirschsprung Disease; Humans; Male; Radiography, Abdominal; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 7937429
DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.70.825.503 -
The Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology... Jun 2005An internal abdominal herniation is the protrusion of a viscus through a normal or abnormal mesenteric or peritoneal aperture. Internal abdominal herniations can either... (Review)
Review
An internal abdominal herniation is the protrusion of a viscus through a normal or abnormal mesenteric or peritoneal aperture. Internal abdominal herniations can either be acquired through a trauma or surgical procedure, or constitutional and related to congenital peritoneal defects. Paraduodenal hernias are the most common type of internal abdominal hernias, accounting for over one-half of reported cases, and thus are a significant clinical entity. Other internal hernias include pericecal, transmesenteric, transomental, intersigmoid, supravesical hernias and herniation through the foramen of Winslow. Because internal abdominal herniations are rare, their diagnosis remains a challenge for both the clinician and the radiologist. Symptoms of internal abdominal herniations are nonspecific. We present our experience with the radiological evaluation of internal abdominal herniations and review the main radiologic findings on barium as well as computed tomography studies.
Topics: Barium Sulfate; Contrast Media; Diagnosis, Differential; Enema; Hernia, Abdominal; Humans; Radiography, Abdominal; Reproducibility of Results; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 16252193
DOI: No ID Found -
Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 2019Barium sulfate and lead oxide are commonly used for angiographic studies, but there is no report on the comparison of two contrast agents in angiography of cervical...
PURPOSE
Barium sulfate and lead oxide are commonly used for angiographic studies, but there is no report on the comparison of two contrast agents in angiography of cervical spinal cord. This study was aimed to compare the microvascular architecture of cervical spinal cord in rats after angiography with the barium sulfate agent to the lead oxide agent.
METHODS
Twelve adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the barium sulfate group (=6) and the lead oxide group (=6). Each rat was perfused under the same protocol using either two contrast agents. The angiography was evaluated with the vascular number at different ranks. The cervical spinal cord samples were scanned using micro-CT with low resolution and high resolution. The microvascular parameters, including ratio of vascular volume to tissue volume (VV/TV), vascular number (V.N), diameter (V.Dm), separation (V.Sp), connectivity density (Conn.D), structure model index (SMI), percentage, and volume of vessels at different diameters were measured.
RESULTS
The perfusion was better in the barium sulfate group, with more blood vessel trees of rank II and III visible compared to the lead oxide group. Low-resolution micro-CT analysis showed no difference in microvascular parameters except SMI between the two groups. High-resolution micro-CT analysis results showed that V.N and Conn.D of barium sulfate group were 60% and 290% more than those of the lead oxide group; however, V.Sp was 41% less than the lead oxide group. The percentage of vessels with diameter of 10 m and 20 m, and the volume of vessels with diameter of less than 100 m was higher in the barium sulfate group than in the lead oxide group. The SMI index in the barium sulfate group was higher than that in the lead oxide group at both low resolution and high resolution.
CONCLUSIONS
Compared with lead oxide, barium sulfate is more suitable for perfusion of cervical spinal cord microvessels, and cheap and nontoxic with high resolution.
Topics: Animals; Barium Sulfate; Cervical Cord; Computed Tomography Angiography; Contrast Media; Humans; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Lead; Oxides; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord; X-Ray Microtomography
PubMed: 31110469
DOI: 10.1155/2019/5215923 -
Scientific Reports Nov 2018Bioresorbable scaffolds (BRS) were introduced to overcome limitations of current metallic drug-eluting stents and poly-L-lactide (PLLA) has been used in the fabrication...
Bioresorbable scaffolds (BRS) were introduced to overcome limitations of current metallic drug-eluting stents and poly-L-lactide (PLLA) has been used in the fabrication of BRS due to its biodegradability and biocompatibility. However, such polymers have weaker mechanical properties as compared to metals, limiting their use in BRS. We hypothesized that nanofillers can be used to enhance the mechanical properties considerably in PLLA. To this end, polymer-matrix composites consisting of PLLA reinforced with 5-20 wt% barium sulfate (BaSO) nanofillers as a potential BRS material was evaluated. Stearic-acid (SA) modified BaSO nanofillers were used to examine the effect of functionalization. Rigid nanofillers improved the tensile modulus and strength of PLLA (60% and 110% respectively), while the use of SA-BaSO caused a significant increase (~110%) in the elongation at break. Enhancement in mechanical properties is attributed to functionalization which decreased the agglomeration of the nanofillers and improved dispersion. The nanocomposites were also radiopaque. Finite element analysis (FEA) showed that scaffold fabricated from the novel nanocomposite material has improved scaffolding ability, specifically that the strut thickness could be decreased compared to the conventional PLLA scaffold. In conclusion, BaSO/PLLA-based nanocomposites could potentially be used as materials for BRS with improved mechanical and radiopaque properties.
Topics: Barium Sulfate; Biocompatible Materials; Contrast Media; Drug-Eluting Stents; Finite Element Analysis; Nanocomposites; Polyesters; Tensile Strength
PubMed: 30479353
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35663-2 -
ChemistryOpen Aug 2020The treatment of cancer patients with α-particle-emitting therapeutics continues to gain in importance and relevance. The range of radiopharmaceutically relevant...
The treatment of cancer patients with α-particle-emitting therapeutics continues to gain in importance and relevance. The range of radiopharmaceutically relevant α-emitters is limited to a few radionuclides, as stable chelators or carrier systems for safe transport of the radioactive cargo are often lacking. Encapsulation of α-emitters into solid inorganic systems can help to diversify the portfolio of candidate radionuclides, provided, that these nanomaterials effectively retain both the parent and the recoil daughters. We therefore focus on designing stable and defined nanocarrier-based systems for various clinically relevant radionuclides, including the promising α-emitting radionuclide Ra. Hence, sub-10 nm barium sulfate nanocontainers were prepared and different radiometals like Zr, In, Ba, Lu or Ra were incorporated. Our system shows stabilities of >90 % regarding the radiometal release from the BaSO matrix. Furthermore, we confirm the presence of surface-exposed amine functionalities as well as the formation of a biomolecular corona.
Topics: Alendronate; Barium Sulfate; Blood; Drug Carriers; Drug Stability; Humans; Metal Nanoparticles; Metals, Heavy; Particle Size; Precision Medicine; Protein Corona; Radioisotopes; Radiopharmaceuticals
PubMed: 32775141
DOI: 10.1002/open.202000126 -
Dysphagia Feb 2023The Modified Barium Swallow Study (MBSS) is a videofluoroscopic examination of the anatomy and physiology involved in swallowing. Like other fluoroscopic examinations,... (Review)
Review
The Modified Barium Swallow Study (MBSS) is a videofluoroscopic examination of the anatomy and physiology involved in swallowing. Like other fluoroscopic examinations, the MBSS uses ionizing radiation with related radiation risks. Thus, the procedures and protocols related to MBSSs must balance the benefit of the diagnostic information gained with the risk of radiation exposure. This requires complex decision-making for any given clinician but becomes complicated due to the interprofessional nature of conducting MBSSs, namely the direct involvement of both the speech-language pathologist and radiologist with indirect involvement of the medical physicist and the referring physician. This editorial provides the perspectives of the various stakeholder groups related to radiation use in adult MBSSs, identifies barriers to conducting MBSSs in an evidence-based manner, and suggests areas for improvement.
Topics: Humans; Adult; Barium; Deglutition Disorders; Barium Sulfate; Deglutition; Fluoroscopy
PubMed: 35461361
DOI: 10.1007/s00455-022-10447-z -
Dysphagia Apr 2022Modified Barium Swallow Studies (MBSSs) are important tests to aid the diagnosis of swallowing impairment and guide treatment planning. Since MBSSs use ionizing...
Modified Barium Swallow Studies (MBSSs) are important tests to aid the diagnosis of swallowing impairment and guide treatment planning. Since MBSSs use ionizing radiation, it is important to understand the radiation exposure associated with the exam. This study reports the average radiation dose in routine clinical MBSSs, to aid the evidence-based decision-making of clinical providers and patients. We examined the MBSSs of 200 consecutive adult patients undergoing clinically indicated exams and used kilovoltage (kV) and Kerma Area Product to calculate the effective dose. While 100% of patients underwent the exam in the lateral projection, 72% were imaged in the upper posterior-anterior (PA) projection and approximately 25% were imaged in the middle and lower PA projection. Average kVs were 63 kV, 77 kV, 78.3 kV, and 94.3 kV, for the lateral, upper, middle, and lower PA projections, respectively. The average effective dose per exam was 0.32 ± 0.23 mSv. These results categorize a typical adult MBSS as a low dose examination. This value serves as a general estimate for adults undergoing MBSSs and can be used to compare other sources of radiation (environmental and medical) to help clinicians and patients assess the risks of conducting an MBSS. The distinction of MBSS as a low dose exam will assuage most clinician's fears, allowing them to utilize this tool to gather clinically significant information about swallow function. However, as an X-ray exam that uses ionizing radiation, the principles of ALARA and radiation safety must still be applied.
Topics: Adult; Barium; Barium Sulfate; Fluoroscopy; Humans; Radiation Dosage; Radiation Exposure
PubMed: 33891192
DOI: 10.1007/s00455-021-10291-7 -
Canadian Medical Association Journal Oct 1963
Topics: Atropa belladonna; Atropine; Barium Sulfate; Child; Colonic Diseases; Duodenal Diseases; Dysentery; Dysentery, Amebic; Humans; Intestinal Fistula; Oxytetracycline; Phenobarbital; Radiography; Scopolamine; Surgical Procedures, Operative
PubMed: 14069614
DOI: No ID Found -
Canadian Medical Association Journal Feb 1954
Topics: Barium Sulfate; Enema; Humans; Radiography, Abdominal
PubMed: 13126865
DOI: No ID Found